Merge pull request #588 from yemel/refactor/bip21

Add support for bitcoin URIs (BIP21)

docs/URI.md

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# URI
+
+Represents a bitcoin payment uri. Bitcoin URI strings became the most popular
+way to share payment request, sometimes as a bitcoin link and others using a QR code.
+
+URI Examples:
+```
+bitcoin:12A1MyfXbW6RhdRAZEqofac5jCQQjwEPBu
+bitcoin:12A1MyfXbW6RhdRAZEqofac5jCQQjwEPBu?amount=1.2
+bitcoin:12A1MyfXbW6RhdRAZEqofac5jCQQjwEPBu?amount=1.2&message=Payment&label=Satoshi&extra=other-param
+```
+
+The main use that we expect you'll have for the `URI` class in bitcore is
+validating and parsing bitcoin URIs. A `URI` instance exposes the address as a
+bitcore `Address` object and the amount in Satoshis, if present.
+
+The code for validating uris looks like this:
+```javascript
+var uriString = 'bitcoin:12A1MyfXbW6RhdRAZEqofac5jCQQjwEPBu?amount=1.2';
+var valid = URI.isValid(uriString);
+var uri = new URI(uriString);
+console.log(uri.address.network, uri.amount); // 'livenet', 120000000
+```
+
+All standard parameters can be found as members of the `URI` instance. However
+a bitcoin uri may contain other non-standard parameters, all those can be found
+under the `extra` namespace.
+
+See [the official BIP21 spec](https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0021.mediawiki)
+for more information.
+
+Other usecase important usecase for the `URI` class is creating a bitcoin URI for
+sharing a payment request. That can be acomplished by using an Object to create
+an instance of URI.
+
+The code for creating an URI from an Object looks like this:
+```javascript
+var uriString = new URI({
+  address: '12A1MyfXbW6RhdRAZEqofac5jCQQjwEPBu',
+  amount : 10000, // in satoshis
+  message: 'My payment request'
+});
+var uriString = uri.toString();
+```

index.js

@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ bitcore.Script = require('./lib/script');
 bitcore.Transaction = require('./lib/transaction');
 bitcore.Txin = require('./lib/txin');
 bitcore.Txout = require('./lib/txout');
+bitcore.URI = require('./lib/uri');
 bitcore.Unit = require('./lib/unit');
 
-
 // dependencies, subject to change
 bitcore.deps = {};
 bitcore.deps.bnjs = require('bn.js');

lib/address.js

@@ -59,6 +59,8 @@ function Address(data, network, type) {
     info = Address._transformPublicKey(data);
   } else if (data.constructor && (data.constructor.name && data.constructor.name === 'Script')) {
     info = Address._transformScript(data);
+  } else if (data instanceof Address) {
+    return data;
   } else if (typeof(data) === 'string') {
     info = Address._transformString(data, network, type);
   } else {
@@ -327,7 +329,7 @@ Address.getValidationError = function(data, network, type) {
  * @param {String} data - The encoded data
  * @param {String} network - The network: 'mainnet' or 'testnet'
  * @param {String} type - The type of address: 'script' or 'pubkey'
- * @returns {null|Error} The corresponding error message
+ * @returns {boolean} The corresponding error message
  */
 Address.isValid = function(data, network, type) {
   return !Address.getValidationError(data, network, type);

lib/uri.js

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var _ = require('lodash');
+var URL = require('url');
+
+var Address = require('./address');
+var Unit = require('./unit');
+
+/**
+ *
+ * Bitcore URI
+ *
+ * Instantiate an URI from a bitcoin URI String or an Object. An URI instance
+ * can be created with a bitcoin uri string or an object. All instances of
+ * URI are valid, the static method isValid allows checking before instanciation.
+ *
+ * All standard parameters can be found as members of the class, the address
+ * is represented using an {Address} instance and the amount is represented in
+ * satoshis. Any other non-standard parameters can be found under the extra member.
+ *
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var uri = new URI('bitcoin:12A1MyfXbW6RhdRAZEqofac5jCQQjwEPBu?amount=1.2');
+ * console.log(uri.address, uri.amount);
+ *
+ * @param {string|Object} data - A bitcoin URI string or an Object
+ * @param {Array.<string>} [knownParams] - Required non-standard params
+ * @throws {TypeError} Invalid bitcoin address
+ * @throws {TypeError} Invalid amount
+ * @throws {Error} Unknown required argument
+ * @returns {URI} A new valid and frozen instance of URI
+ */
+var URI = function(data, knownParams) {
+  this.extras = {};
+  this.knownParams = knownParams || [];
+  this.address = this.network = this.amount = this.message = null;
+
+  if (typeof(data) == 'string') {
+    var params = URI.parse(data);
+    if (params.amount) params.amount = this._parseAmount(params.amount);
+    this._fromObject(params);
+  } else if (typeof(data) == 'object') {
+    this._fromObject(data);
+  } else {
+    throw new TypeError('Unrecognized data format.');
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ *
+ * Check if an bitcoin URI string is valid
+ *
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var valid = URI.isValid('bitcoin:12A1MyfXbW6RhdRAZEqofac5jCQQjwEPBu');
+ * // true
+ *
+ * @param {string|Object} data - A bitcoin URI string or an Object
+ * @param {Array.<string>} [knownParams] - Required non-standard params
+ * @returns {boolean} Result of uri validation
+ */
+URI.isValid = function(arg, knownParams) {
+  try {
+    var uri = new URI(arg, knownParams);
+    return true;
+  } catch(err) {
+    return false;
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ *
+ * Convert a bitcoin URI string into a simple object.
+ *
+ * @param {string} uri - A bitcoin URI string
+ * @throws {TypeError} Invalid bitcoin URI
+ * @returns {Object} An object with the parsed params
+ */
+URI.parse = function(uri) {
+  var info = URL.parse(uri, true);
+
+  if (info.protocol != 'bitcoin:') {
+    throw new TypeError('Invalid bitcoin URI');
+  }
+
+  // workaround to host insensitiveness
+  var group = /[^:]*:\/?\/?([^?]*)/.exec(uri);
+  info.query.address = group && group[1] || undefined;
+
+  return info.query;
+};
+
+/**
+ *
+ * Internal function to load the URI instance with an object.
+ *
+ * @param {Object} obj - Object with the information
+ * @throws {TypeError} Invalid bitcoin address
+ * @throws {TypeError} Invalid amount
+ * @throws {Error} Unknown required argument
+ */
+URI.prototype._fromObject = function(obj) {
+  var members = ['address', 'amount', 'message', 'label', 'r'];
+
+  if (!Address.isValid(obj.address)) throw new TypeError('Invalid bitcoin address');
+
+  this.address = new Address(obj.address);
+  this.network = this.address.network;
+  this.amount = obj.amount;
+
+  for (var key in obj) {
+    if (key === 'address' || key === 'amount') continue;
+
+    if (/^req-/.exec(key) && this.knownParams.indexOf(key) === -1) {
+      throw Error('Unknown required argument ' + key);
+    }
+
+    var destination = members.indexOf(key) > -1 ? this : this.extras;
+    destination[key] = obj[key];
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ *
+ * Internal function to transform a BTC string amount into satoshis
+ *
+ * @param {String} amount - Amount BTC string
+ * @throws {TypeError} Invalid amount
+ * @returns {Object} Amount represented in satoshis
+ */
+URI.prototype._parseAmount = function(amount) {
+  var amount = Number(amount);
+  if (isNaN(amount)) throw new TypeError('Invalid amount');
+  return Unit.fromBTC(amount).toSatoshis();
+};
+
+/**
+ *
+ * Will return a the string representation of the URI
+ *
+ * @returns {String} Bitcoin URI string
+ */
+URI.prototype.toString = function() {
+  var query = _.clone(this.extras);
+  if (this.amount) query.amount = Unit.fromSatoshis(this.amount).toBTC();
+  if (this.message) query.message = this.message;
+
+  return URL.format({
+    protocol: 'bitcoin:',
+    host: this.address,
+    query: query
+  });
+};
+
+/**
+ *
+ * Will return a string formatted for the console
+ *
+ * @returns {String} Bitcoin URI
+ */
+URI.prototype.inspect = function() {
+  return '<URI: ' + this.toString()+ '>';
+}
+
+module.exports = URI;

test/uri.js

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var chai = chai || require('chai');
+var should = chai.should();
+var expect = chai.expect;
+var bitcore = require('..');
+var URI = bitcore.URI;
+
+describe('URI', function() {
+
+  it('should parse uris strings', function() {
+    var uri;
+
+    URI.parse.bind(URI, 'badURI').should.throw(TypeError);
+
+    uri = URI.parse('bitcoin:');
+    expect(uri.address).to.be.undefined;
+    expect(uri.amount).to.be.undefined;
+    expect(uri.otherParam).to.be.undefined;
+
+    uri = URI.parse('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj');
+    uri.address.should.equal('1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj');
+    expect(uri.amount).to.be.undefined;
+    expect(uri.otherParam).to.be.undefined;
+
+    uri = URI.parse('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj?amount=123.22');
+    uri.address.should.equal('1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj');
+    uri.amount.should.equal('123.22');
+    expect(uri.otherParam).to.be.undefined;
+
+    uri = URI.parse('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj?amount=123.22&other-param=something&req-extra=param');
+    uri.address.should.equal('1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj');
+    uri.amount.should.equal('123.22');
+    uri['other-param'].should.equal('something');
+    uri['req-extra'].should.equal('param');
+  });
+
+  it('should statically validate uris', function() {
+    URI.isValid('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj').should.be.true;
+    URI.isValid('bitcoin:mkYY5NRvikVBY1EPtaq9fAFgquesdjqECw').should.be.true;
+
+    URI.isValid('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj?amount=1.2').should.be.true;
+    URI.isValid('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj?amount=1.2&other=param').should.be.true;
+    URI.isValid('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj?amount=1.2&req-other=param', ['req-other']).should.be.true;
+    URI.isValid('bitcoin:mmrqEBJxUCf42vdb3oozZtyz5mKr3Vb2Em?amount=0.1&r=https%3A%2F%2Ftest.bitpay.com%2Fi%2F6DKgf8cnJC388irbXk5hHu').should.be.true;
+
+    URI.isValid('bitcoin:').should.be.false;
+    URI.isValid('bitcoin:badUri').should.be.false;
+    URI.isValid('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfk?amount=bad').should.be.false;
+    URI.isValid('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfk?amount=1.2&req-other=param').should.be.false;
+    URI.isValid('bitcoin:?r=https%3A%2F%2Ftest.bitpay.com%2Fi%2F6DKgf8cnJC388irbXk5hHu').should.be.false;
+  });
+
+  it('should fail creation with no params', function() {
+    (function(){
+      new URI();
+    }).should.throw(TypeError);
+  });
+
+  it('should create instance from bitcoin uri', function() {
+    var uri;
+
+    uri = new URI('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj');
+    uri.address.should.be.instanceof(bitcore.Address);
+    uri.network.should.equal('mainnet');
+
+    uri = new URI('bitcoin:mkYY5NRvikVBY1EPtaq9fAFgquesdjqECw');
+    uri.address.should.be.instanceof(bitcore.Address);
+    uri.network.should.equal('testnet');
+
+    uri = new URI('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj?amount=1.2&other=param');
+    uri.address.should.be.instanceof(bitcore.Address);
+    uri.amount.should.equal(120000000);
+    expect(uri.other).to.be.undefined;
+    uri.extras.other.should.equal('param');
+
+    (function() {
+      new URI('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj?amount=1.2&other=param&req-required=param');
+    }).should.throw(Error);
+
+    uri = new URI('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj?amount=1.2&other=param&req-required=param', ['req-required']);
+    uri.address.should.be.instanceof(bitcore.Address);
+    uri.amount.should.equal(120000000);
+    uri.extras.other.should.equal('param');
+    uri.extras['req-required'].should.equal('param');
+  });
+
+  it('should create instance from object', function() {
+    var uri;
+
+    uri = new URI({
+      address: '1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj'
+    });
+    uri.address.should.be.instanceof(bitcore.Address);
+    uri.network.should.equal('mainnet');
+
+    uri = new URI({
+      address: 'mkYY5NRvikVBY1EPtaq9fAFgquesdjqECw'
+    });
+    uri.address.should.be.instanceof(bitcore.Address);
+    uri.network.should.equal('testnet');
+
+
+    uri = new URI({
+      address: '1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj',
+      amount: 120000000,
+      other: 'param'
+    });
+    uri.address.should.be.instanceof(bitcore.Address);
+    uri.amount.should.equal(120000000);
+    expect(uri.other).to.be.undefined;
+    uri.extras.other.should.equal('param');
+
+    (function() {
+      new URI({
+        address: '1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj',
+        'req-required': param
+      });
+    }).should.throw(Error);
+
+    uri = new URI({
+      address: '1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj',
+      amount: 120000000,
+      other: 'param',
+      'req-required': 'param'
+    }, ['req-required']);
+    uri.address.should.be.instanceof(bitcore.Address);
+    uri.amount.should.equal(120000000);
+    uri.extras.other.should.equal('param');
+    uri.extras['req-required'].should.equal('param');
+  });
+
+  it('should support double slash scheme', function() {
+    var uri = new URI('bitcoin://1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj');
+    uri.address.toString().should.equal('1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj');
+  });
+
+  it('should support numeric amounts', function() {
+    var uri = new URI('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj?amount=12.10001');
+    expect(uri.amount).to.be.equal(1210001000);
+  });
+
+  it('should support extra arguments', function() {
+    var uri = new URI('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj?message=Donation%20for%20project%20xyz&label=myLabel&other=xD');
+
+    should.exist(uri.message);
+    uri.message.should.equal('Donation for project xyz');
+
+    should.exist(uri.label);
+    uri.label.should.equal('myLabel');
+
+    should.exist(uri.extras.other);
+    uri.extras.other.should.equal('xD');
+  });
+
+  it('should generate a valid URI', function() {
+    new URI({
+      address: '1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj',
+    }).toString().should.equal(
+      'bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj'
+    );
+
+    new URI({
+      address: '1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj',
+      amount: 110001000,
+      message: 'Hello World',
+      something: 'else'
+    }).toString().should.equal(
+      'bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj?something=else&amount=1.10001&message=Hello%20World'
+    );
+
+  });
+
+  it('should be case insensitive to protocol', function() {
+    var uri1 = new URI('bItcOin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj');
+    var uri2 = new URI('bitcoin:1DP69gMMvSuYhbnxsi4EJEFufUAbDrEQfj');
+
+    uri1.address.toString().should.equal(uri2.address.toString());
+  });
+});