ranchimallflo-api/py3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/quart/app.py

1786 lines
66 KiB
Python

import asyncio
import sys
import warnings
from collections import defaultdict, OrderedDict
from datetime import timedelta
from itertools import chain
from logging import Logger
from pathlib import Path
from types import TracebackType
from typing import (
Any, AnyStr, Awaitable, Callable, cast, Dict, IO, Iterable, List, Optional, Set, Tuple, Type,
Union, ValuesView,
)
from hypercorn.asyncio import serve
from hypercorn.config import Config as HyperConfig
from .asgi import ASGIHTTPConnection, ASGILifespan, ASGIWebsocketConnection
from .blueprints import Blueprint
from .cli import AppGroup
from .config import Config, ConfigAttribute, DEFAULT_CONFIG
from .ctx import (
_AppCtxGlobals, _request_ctx_stack, _websocket_ctx_stack, AppContext, has_request_context,
has_websocket_context, RequestContext, WebsocketContext,
)
from .datastructures import CIMultiDict, Headers
from .debug import traceback_response
from .exceptions import all_http_exceptions, HTTPException
from .globals import g, request, session
from .helpers import (
_endpoint_from_view_func, find_package, get_debug_flag, get_env,
get_flashed_messages, url_for,
)
from .json import JSONDecoder, JSONEncoder, tojson_filter
from .logging import create_logger, create_serving_logger
from .routing import Map, MapAdapter, Rule
from .sessions import SecureCookieSession, SecureCookieSessionInterface, Session
from .signals import (
appcontext_tearing_down, got_request_exception, got_websocket_exception, request_finished,
request_started, request_tearing_down, websocket_finished, websocket_started,
websocket_tearing_down,
)
from .static import PackageStatic
from .templating import _default_template_context_processor, DispatchingJinjaLoader, Environment
from .testing import make_test_headers_path_and_query_string, no_op_push, QuartClient
from .typing import FilePath, ResponseReturnValue
from .utils import ensure_coroutine, file_path_to_path
from .wrappers import BaseRequestWebsocket, Request, Response, Websocket
AppOrBlueprintKey = Optional[str] # The App key is None, whereas blueprints are named
def _convert_timedelta(value: Union[float, timedelta]) -> timedelta:
if not isinstance(value, timedelta):
return timedelta(seconds=value)
return value
class Quart(PackageStatic):
"""The web framework class, handles requests and returns responses.
The primary method from a serving viewpoint is
:meth:`~quart.app.Quart.handle_request`, from an application
viewpoint all the other methods are vital.
This can be extended in many ways, with most methods designed with
this in mind. Additionally any of the classes listed as attributes
can be replaced.
Attributes:
app_ctx_globals_class: The class to use for the ``g`` object
asgi_http_class: The class to use to handle the ASGI HTTP
protocol.
asgi_lifespan_class: The class to use to handle the ASGI
lifespan protocol.
asgi_websocket_class: The class to use to handle the ASGI
websocket protocol.
config_class: The class to use for the configuration.
env: The name of the environment the app is running on.
debug: Wrapper around configuration DEBUG value, in many places
this will result in more output if True. If unset, debug
mode will be activated if environ is set to 'development'.
jinja_environment: The class to use for the jinja environment.
jinja_options: The default options to set when creating the jinja
environment.
json_decoder: The decoder for JSON data.
json_encoder: The encoder for JSON data.
permanent_session_lifetime: Wrapper around configuration
PERMANENT_SESSION_LIFETIME value. Specifies how long the session
data should survive.
request_class: The class to use for requests.
response_class: The class to user for responses.
secret_key: Warpper around configuration SECRET_KEY value. The app
secret for signing sessions.
session_cookie_name: Wrapper around configuration
SESSION_COOKIE_NAME, use to specify the cookie name for session
data.
session_interface: The class to use as the session interface.
url_rule_class: The class to use for URL rules.
websocket_class: The class to use for websockets.
"""
app_ctx_globals_class = _AppCtxGlobals
asgi_http_class = ASGIHTTPConnection
asgi_lifespan_class = ASGILifespan
asgi_websocket_class = ASGIWebsocketConnection
config_class = Config
debug = ConfigAttribute('DEBUG')
env = ConfigAttribute('ENV')
jinja_environment = Environment
jinja_options = {
'autoescape': True,
'extensions': ['jinja2.ext.autoescape', 'jinja2.ext.with_'],
}
json_decoder = JSONDecoder
json_encoder = JSONEncoder
permanent_session_lifetime = ConfigAttribute(
'PERMANENT_SESSION_LIFETIME', converter=_convert_timedelta,
)
request_class = Request
response_class = Response
secret_key = ConfigAttribute('SECRET_KEY')
send_file_max_age_default = ConfigAttribute(
'SEND_FILE_MAX_AGE_DEFAULT', converter=_convert_timedelta,
)
session_cookie_name = ConfigAttribute('SESSION_COOKIE_NAME')
session_interface = SecureCookieSessionInterface()
test_client_class = QuartClient
testing = ConfigAttribute('TESTING')
url_rule_class = Rule
websocket_class = Websocket
def __init__(
self,
import_name: str,
static_url_path: Optional[str]=None,
static_folder: Optional[str]='static',
static_host: Optional[str]=None,
host_matching: bool=False,
template_folder: Optional[str]='templates',
root_path: Optional[str]=None,
instance_path: Optional[str]=None,
instance_relative_config: bool=False,
) -> None:
"""Construct a Quart web application.
Use to create a new web application to which requests should
be handled, as specified by the various attached url
rules. See also :class:`~quart.static.PackageStatic` for
additional constructutor arguments.
Arguments:
import_name: The name at import of the application, use
``__name__`` unless there is a specific issue.
host_matching: Optionally choose to match the host to the
configured host on request (404 if no match).
instance_path: Optional path to an instance folder, for
deployment specific settings and files.
instance_relative_config: If True load the config from a
path relative to the instance path.
Attributes:
after_request_funcs: The functions to execute after a
request has been handled.
after_websocket_funcs: The functions to execute after a
websocket has been handled.
before_first_request_func: Functions to execute before the
first request only.
before_request_funcs: The functions to execute before handling
a request.
before_websocket_funcs: The functions to execute before handling
a websocket.
"""
super().__init__(import_name, template_folder, root_path, static_folder, static_url_path)
instance_path = Path(instance_path) if instance_path else self.auto_find_instance_path()
if not instance_path.is_absolute():
raise ValueError("The instance_path must be an absolute path.")
self.instance_path = instance_path
self.config = self.make_config(instance_relative_config)
self.after_request_funcs: Dict[AppOrBlueprintKey, List[Callable]] = defaultdict(list)
self.after_serving_funcs: List[Callable] = []
self.after_websocket_funcs: Dict[AppOrBlueprintKey, List[Callable]] = defaultdict(list)
self.before_first_request_funcs: List[Callable] = []
self.before_request_funcs: Dict[AppOrBlueprintKey, List[Callable]] = defaultdict(list)
self.before_serving_funcs: List[Callable] = []
self.before_websocket_funcs: Dict[AppOrBlueprintKey, List[Callable]] = defaultdict(list)
self.blueprints: Dict[str, Blueprint] = OrderedDict()
self.error_handler_spec: Dict[AppOrBlueprintKey, Dict[Exception, Callable]] = defaultdict(dict) # noqa: E501
self.extensions: Dict[str, Any] = {}
self.shell_context_processors: List[Callable] = []
self.teardown_appcontext_funcs: List[Callable] = []
self.teardown_request_funcs: Dict[AppOrBlueprintKey, List[Callable]] = defaultdict(list) # noqa: E501
self.teardown_websocket_funcs: Dict[AppOrBlueprintKey, List[Callable]] = defaultdict(list) # noqa: E501
self.template_context_processors: Dict[AppOrBlueprintKey, List[Callable]] = defaultdict(list) # noqa: E501
self.url_build_error_handlers: List[Callable] = []
self.url_default_functions: Dict[AppOrBlueprintKey, List[Callable]] = defaultdict(list)
self.url_map = Map(host_matching)
self.url_value_preprocessors: Dict[AppOrBlueprintKey, List[Callable]] = defaultdict(list)
self.view_functions: Dict[str, Callable] = {}
self._got_first_request = False
self._first_request_lock = asyncio.Lock()
self._jinja_env: Optional[Environment] = None
self._logger: Optional[Logger] = None
self.cli = AppGroup(self.name)
if self.has_static_folder:
if static_host is None and host_matching:
raise ValueError(
'static_host must be set if there is a static folder and host_matching is '
'enabled',
)
self.add_url_rule(
f"{self.static_url_path}/<path:filename>", 'static', self.send_static_file,
host=static_host,
)
self.template_context_processors[None] = [_default_template_context_processor]
@property
def name(self) -> str:
"""The name of this application.
This is taken from the :attr:`import_name` and is used for
debugging purposes.
"""
if self.import_name == '__main__':
path = Path(getattr(sys.modules['__main__'], '__file__', '__main__.py'))
return path.stem
return self.import_name
@property
def propagate_exceptions(self) -> bool:
"""Return true if exceptions should be propagated into debug pages.
If false the exception will be handled. See the
``PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS`` config settin.
"""
return self.config['PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS'] or (self.debug and not self.testing)
@property
def logger(self) -> Logger:
"""A :class:`logging.Logger` logger for the app.
This can be used to log messages in a format as defined in the
app configuration, for example,
.. code-block:: python
app.logger.debug("Request method %s", request.method)
app.logger.error("Error, of some kind")
"""
if self._logger is None:
self._logger = create_logger(self)
return self._logger
@property
def jinja_env(self) -> Environment:
"""The jinja environment used to load templates."""
if self._jinja_env is None:
self._jinja_env = self.create_jinja_environment()
return self._jinja_env
@property
def got_first_request(self) -> bool:
"""Return if the app has received a request."""
return self._got_first_request
def auto_find_instance_path(self) -> Path:
"""Locates the instace_path if it was not provided
"""
prefix, package_path = find_package(self.import_name)
if prefix is None:
return package_path / "instance"
return prefix / "var" / f"{self.name}-instance"
def make_config(self, instance_relative: bool = False) -> Config:
"""Create and return the configuration with appropriate defaults."""
config = self.config_class(
self.instance_path if instance_relative else self.root_path,
DEFAULT_CONFIG,
)
config['ENV'] = get_env()
config['DEBUG'] = get_debug_flag()
return config
def open_instance_resource(self, path: FilePath, mode: str='rb') -> IO[AnyStr]:
"""Open a file for reading.
Use as
.. code-block:: python
with app.open_instance_resouce(path) as file_:
file_.read()
"""
return open(self.instance_path / file_path_to_path(path), mode)
def create_url_adapter(self, request: Optional[BaseRequestWebsocket]) -> Optional[MapAdapter]:
"""Create and return a URL adapter.
This will create the adapter based on the request if present
otherwise the app configuration.
"""
if request is not None:
host = request.host
return self.url_map.bind_to_request(
request.scheme, host, request.method, request.path, request.query_string,
)
if self.config['SERVER_NAME'] is not None:
return self.url_map.bind(
self.config['PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME'], self.config['SERVER_NAME'],
)
return None
def create_jinja_environment(self) -> Environment:
"""Create and return the jinja environment.
This will create the environment based on the
:attr:`jinja_options` and configuration settings. The
environment will include the Quart globals by default.
"""
options = dict(self.jinja_options)
if 'autoescape' not in options:
options['autoescape'] = self.select_jinja_autoescape
if 'auto_reload' not in options:
options['auto_reload'] = self.config['TEMPLATES_AUTO_RELOAD'] or self.debug
jinja_env = self.jinja_environment(self, **options)
jinja_env.globals.update({
'config': self.config,
'g': g,
'get_flashed_messages': get_flashed_messages,
'request': request,
'session': session,
'url_for': url_for,
})
jinja_env.filters['tojson'] = tojson_filter
return jinja_env
def create_global_jinja_loader(self) -> DispatchingJinjaLoader:
"""Create and return a global (not blueprint specific) Jinja loader."""
return DispatchingJinjaLoader(self)
def select_jinja_autoescape(self, filename: str) -> bool:
"""Returns True if the filename indicates that it should be escaped."""
if filename is None:
return True
return Path(filename).suffix in {'.htm', '.html', '.xhtml', '.xml'}
async def update_template_context(self, context: dict) -> None:
"""Update the provided template context.
This adds additional context from the various template context
processors.
Arguments:
context: The context to update (mutate).
"""
processors = self.template_context_processors[None]
if has_request_context():
blueprint = _request_ctx_stack.top.request.blueprint
if blueprint is not None and blueprint in self.template_context_processors:
processors = chain(processors, self.template_context_processors[blueprint]) # type: ignore # noqa
extra_context: dict = {}
for processor in processors:
extra_context.update(await processor())
original = context.copy()
context.update(extra_context)
context.update(original)
def make_shell_context(self) -> dict:
"""Create a context for interactive shell usage.
The :attr:`shell_context_processors` can be used to add
additional context.
"""
context = {'app': self, 'g': g}
for processor in self.shell_context_processors:
context.update(processor())
return context
def route(
self,
path: str,
methods: Optional[List[str]]=None,
endpoint: Optional[str]=None,
defaults: Optional[dict]=None,
host: Optional[str]=None,
subdomain: Optional[str]=None,
*,
provide_automatic_options: Optional[bool]=None,
strict_slashes: bool=True,
) -> Callable:
"""Add a route to the application.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.route('/')
def route():
...
Arguments:
path: The path to route on, should start with a ``/``.
methods: List of HTTP verbs the function routes.
defaults: A dictionary of variables to provide automatically, use
to provide a simpler default path for a route, e.g. to allow
for ``/book`` rather than ``/book/0``,
.. code-block:: python
@app.route('/book', defaults={'page': 0})
@app.route('/book/<int:page>')
def book(page):
...
host: The full host name for this route (should include subdomain
if needed) - cannot be used with subdomain.
subdomain: A subdomain for this specific route.
provide_automatic_options: Optionally False to prevent
OPTION handling.
strict_slashes: Strictly match the trailing slash present in the
path. Will redirect a leaf (no slash) to a branch (with slash).
"""
def decorator(func: Callable) -> Callable:
self.add_url_rule(
path, endpoint, func, methods, defaults=defaults, host=host, subdomain=subdomain,
provide_automatic_options=provide_automatic_options, strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
)
return func
return decorator
def add_url_rule(
self,
path: str,
endpoint: Optional[str]=None,
view_func: Optional[Callable]=None,
methods: Optional[Iterable[str]]=None,
defaults: Optional[dict]=None,
host: Optional[str]=None,
subdomain: Optional[str]=None,
*,
provide_automatic_options: Optional[bool]=None,
is_websocket: bool=False,
strict_slashes: bool=True,
) -> None:
"""Add a route/url rule to the application.
This is designed to be used on the application directly. An
example usage,
.. code-block:: python
def route():
...
app.add_url_rule('/', route)
Arguments:
path: The path to route on, should start with a ``/``.
func: Callable that returns a reponse.
methods: List of HTTP verbs the function routes.
endpoint: Optional endpoint name, if not present the
function name is used.
defaults: A dictionary of variables to provide automatically, use
to provide a simpler default path for a route, e.g. to allow
for ``/book`` rather than ``/book/0``,
.. code-block:: python
@app.route('/book', defaults={'page': 0})
@app.route('/book/<int:page>')
def book(page):
...
host: The full host name for this route (should include subdomain
if needed) - cannot be used with subdomain.
subdomain: A subdomain for this specific route.
provide_automatic_options: Optionally False to prevent
OPTION handling.
strict_slashes: Strictly match the trailing slash present in the
path. Will redirect a leaf (no slash) to a branch (with slash).
"""
endpoint = endpoint or _endpoint_from_view_func(view_func)
handler = ensure_coroutine(view_func)
if methods is None:
methods = getattr(view_func, 'methods', ['GET'])
methods = cast(Set[str], set(methods))
required_methods = set(getattr(view_func, 'required_methods', set()))
if provide_automatic_options is None:
automatic_options = getattr(view_func, 'provide_automatic_options', None)
if automatic_options is None:
automatic_options = 'OPTIONS' not in methods
else:
automatic_options = provide_automatic_options
if automatic_options:
required_methods.add('OPTIONS')
methods.update(required_methods)
if not self.url_map.host_matching and (host is not None or subdomain is not None):
raise RuntimeError('Cannot use host or subdomain without host matching enabled.')
if host is not None and subdomain is not None:
raise ValueError('Cannot set host and subdomain, please choose one or the other')
if subdomain is not None:
if self.config['SERVER_NAME'] is None:
raise RuntimeError('SERVER_NAME config is required to use subdomain in a route.')
host = f"{subdomain}.{self.config['SERVER_NAME']}"
elif host is None and self.url_map.host_matching:
host = self.config['SERVER_NAME']
if host is None:
raise RuntimeError(
'Cannot add a route with host matching enabled without either a specified '
'host or a config SERVER_NAME',
)
self.url_map.add(
self.url_rule_class(
path, methods, endpoint, host=host, provide_automatic_options=automatic_options,
defaults=defaults, is_websocket=is_websocket, strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
),
)
if handler is not None:
old_handler = self.view_functions.get(endpoint)
if getattr(old_handler, '_quart_async_wrapper', False):
old_handler = old_handler.__wrapped__ # type: ignore
if old_handler is not None and old_handler != view_func:
raise AssertionError(f"Handler is overwriting existing for endpoint {endpoint}")
self.view_functions[endpoint] = handler
def websocket(
self,
path: str,
endpoint: Optional[str]=None,
defaults: Optional[dict]=None,
host: Optional[str]=None,
subdomain: Optional[str]=None,
*,
strict_slashes: bool=True,
) -> Callable:
"""Add a websocket to the application.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.websocket('/')
def websocket_route():
...
Arguments:
path: The path to route on, should start with a ``/``.
defaults: A dictionary of variables to provide automatically, use
to provide a simpler default path for a route, e.g. to allow
for ``/book`` rather than ``/book/0``,
.. code-block:: python
@app.websocket('/book', defaults={'page': 0})
@app.websocket('/book/<int:page>')
def book(page):
...
host: The full host name for this route (should include subdomain
if needed) - cannot be used with subdomain.
subdomain: A subdomain for this specific route.
strict_slashes: Strictly match the trailing slash present in the
path. Will redirect a leaf (no slash) to a branch (with slash).
"""
def decorator(func: Callable) -> Callable:
self.add_websocket(
path, endpoint, func, defaults=defaults, host=host, subdomain=subdomain,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
)
return func
return decorator
def add_websocket(
self,
path: str,
endpoint: Optional[str]=None,
view_func: Optional[Callable]=None,
defaults: Optional[dict]=None,
host: Optional[str]=None,
subdomain: Optional[str]=None,
*,
strict_slashes: bool=True,
) -> None:
"""Add a websocket url rule to the application.
This is designed to be used on the application directly. An
example usage,
.. code-block:: python
def websocket_route():
...
app.add_websocket('/', websocket_route)
Arguments:
path: The path to route on, should start with a ``/``.
func: Callable that returns a reponse.
endpoint: Optional endpoint name, if not present the
function name is used.
defaults: A dictionary of variables to provide automatically, use
to provide a simpler default path for a route, e.g. to allow
for ``/book`` rather than ``/book/0``,
.. code-block:: python
@app.websocket('/book', defaults={'page': 0})
@app.websocket('/book/<int:page>')
def book(page):
...
host: The full host name for this route (should include subdomain
if needed) - cannot be used with subdomain.
subdomain: A subdomain for this specific route.
strict_slashes: Strictly match the trailing slash present in the
path. Will redirect a leaf (no slash) to a branch (with slash).
"""
return self.add_url_rule(
path, endpoint, view_func, {'GET'}, defaults=defaults, host=host, subdomain=subdomain,
provide_automatic_options=False, is_websocket=True, strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
)
def endpoint(self, endpoint: str) -> Callable:
"""Register a function as an endpoint.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.endpoint('name')
def endpoint():
...
Arguments:
endpoint: The endpoint name to use.
"""
def decorator(func: Callable) -> Callable:
handler = ensure_coroutine(func)
self.view_functions[endpoint] = handler
return func
return decorator
def errorhandler(self, error: Union[Type[Exception], int]) -> Callable:
"""Register a function as an error handler.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.errorhandler(500)
def error_handler():
return "Error", 500
Arguments:
error: The error code or Exception to handle.
"""
def decorator(func: Callable) -> Callable:
self.register_error_handler(error, func)
return func
return decorator
def register_error_handler(
self, error: Union[Type[Exception], int], func: Callable, name: AppOrBlueprintKey=None,
) -> None:
"""Register a function as an error handler.
This is designed to be used on the application directly. An
example usage,
.. code-block:: python
def error_handler():
return "Error", 500
app.register_error_handler(500, error_handler)
Arguments:
error: The error code or Exception to handle.
func: The function to handle the error.
name: Optional blueprint key name.
"""
handler = ensure_coroutine(func)
if isinstance(error, int):
error = all_http_exceptions[error]
self.error_handler_spec[name][error] = handler # type: ignore
def template_filter(self, name: Optional[str]=None) -> Callable:
"""Add a template filter.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.template_filter('name')
def to_upper(value):
return value.upper()
Arguments:
name: The filter name (defaults to function name).
"""
def decorator(func: Callable) -> Callable:
self.add_template_filter(func, name=name)
return func
return decorator
def add_template_filter(self, func: Callable, name: Optional[str]=None) -> None:
"""Add a template filter.
This is designed to be used on the application directly. An
example usage,
.. code-block:: python
def to_upper(value):
return value.upper()
app.add_template_filter(to_upper)
Arguments:
func: The function that is the filter.
name: The filter name (defaults to function name).
"""
self.jinja_env.filters[name or func.__name__] = func
def template_test(self, name: Optional[str]=None) -> Callable:
"""Add a template test.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.template_test('name')
def is_upper(value):
return value.isupper()
Arguments:
name: The test name (defaults to function name).
"""
def decorator(func: Callable) -> Callable:
self.add_template_test(func, name=name)
return func
return decorator
def add_template_test(self, func: Callable, name: Optional[str]=None) -> None:
"""Add a template test.
This is designed to be used on the application directly. An
example usage,
.. code-block:: python
def is_upper(value):
return value.isupper()
app.add_template_test(is_upper)
Arguments:
func: The function that is the test.
name: The test name (defaults to function name).
"""
self.jinja_env.tests[name or func.__name__] = func
def template_global(self, name: Optional[str]=None) -> Callable:
"""Add a template global.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.template_global('name')
def five():
return 5
Arguments:
name: The global name (defaults to function name).
"""
def decorator(func: Callable) -> Callable:
self.add_template_global(func, name=name)
return func
return decorator
def add_template_global(self, func: Callable, name: Optional[str]=None) -> None:
"""Add a template global.
This is designed to be used on the application directly. An
example usage,
.. code-block:: python
def five():
return 5
app.add_template_global(five)
Arguments:
func: The function that is the global.
name: The global name (defaults to function name).
"""
self.jinja_env.globals[name or func.__name__] = func
def context_processor(self, func: Callable, name: AppOrBlueprintKey=None) -> Callable:
"""Add a template context processor.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.context_processor
def update_context(context):
return context
"""
self.template_context_processors[name].append(ensure_coroutine(func))
return func
def shell_context_processor(self, func: Callable) -> Callable:
"""Add a shell context processor.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.shell_context_processor
def additional_context():
return context
"""
self.shell_context_processors.append(func)
return func
def url_defaults(self, func: Callable, name: AppOrBlueprintKey=None) -> Callable:
"""Add a url default preprocessor.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.url_defaults
def default(endpoint, values):
...
"""
self.url_default_functions[name].append(func)
return func
def url_value_preprocessor(self, func: Callable, name: AppOrBlueprintKey=None) -> Callable:
"""Add a url value preprocessor.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.url_value_preprocessor
def value_preprocessor(endpoint, view_args):
...
"""
self.url_value_preprocessors[name].append(func)
return func
def inject_url_defaults(self, endpoint: str, values: dict) -> None:
"""Injects default URL values into the passed values dict.
This is used to assist when building urls, see
:func:`~quart.helpers.url_for`.
"""
functions = self.url_value_preprocessors[None]
if '.' in endpoint:
blueprint = endpoint.rsplit('.', 1)[0]
functions = chain(functions, self.url_value_preprocessors[blueprint]) # type: ignore
for function in functions:
function(endpoint, values)
def handle_url_build_error(self, error: Exception, endpoint: str, values: dict) -> str:
"""Handle a build error.
Ideally this will return a valid url given the error endpoint
and values.
"""
for handler in self.url_build_error_handlers:
result = handler(error, endpoint, values)
if result is not None:
return result
raise error
def _find_exception_handler(self, error: Exception) -> Optional[Callable]:
if _request_ctx_stack.top is not None:
blueprint = _request_ctx_stack.top.request.blueprint
elif _websocket_ctx_stack.top is not None:
blueprint = _websocket_ctx_stack.top.websocket.blueprint
else:
blueprint = None
handler = _find_exception_handler(error, self.error_handler_spec.get(blueprint, {}))
if handler is None:
handler = _find_exception_handler(
error, self.error_handler_spec[None],
)
return handler
async def handle_http_exception(self, error: Exception) -> Response:
"""Handle a HTTPException subclass error.
This will attempt to find a handler for the error and if fails
will fall back to the error response.
"""
handler = self._find_exception_handler(error)
if handler is None:
return error.get_response() # type: ignore
else:
return await handler(error)
def trap_http_exception(self, error: Exception) -> bool:
"""Check it error is http and should be trapped.
Trapped errors are not handled by the
:meth:`handle_http_exception`, but instead trapped by the
outer most (or user handlers). This can be useful when
debuging to allow tracebacks to be viewed by the debug page.
"""
return self.config['TRAP_HTTP_EXCEPTIONS']
async def handle_user_exception(self, error: Exception) -> Response:
"""Handle an exception that has been raised.
This should forward :class:`~quart.exception.HTTPException` to
:meth:`handle_http_exception`, then attempt to handle the
error. If it cannot it should reraise the error.
"""
if isinstance(error, HTTPException) and not self.trap_http_exception(error):
return await self.handle_http_exception(error)
handler = self._find_exception_handler(error)
if handler is None:
raise error
return await handler(error)
async def handle_exception(self, error: Exception) -> Response:
"""Handle an uncaught exception.
By default this switches the error response to a 500 internal
server error.
"""
await got_request_exception.send(self, exception=error)
self.log_exception(sys.exc_info())
if self.propagate_exceptions:
return await traceback_response()
internal_server_error = all_http_exceptions[500]()
handler = self._find_exception_handler(internal_server_error)
if handler is None:
return internal_server_error.get_response()
else:
return await self.finalize_request(await handler(error), from_error_handler=True)
async def handle_websocket_exception(self, error: Exception) -> Optional[Response]:
"""Handle an uncaught exception.
By default this logs the exception and then re-raises it.
"""
await got_websocket_exception.send(self, exception=error)
self.log_exception(sys.exc_info())
internal_server_error = all_http_exceptions[500]()
handler = self._find_exception_handler(internal_server_error)
if handler is None:
return internal_server_error.get_response()
else:
return await self.finalize_websocket(await handler(error), from_error_handler=True)
def log_exception(self, exception_info: Tuple[type, BaseException, TracebackType]) -> None:
"""Log a exception to the :attr:`logger`.
By default this is only invoked for unhandled exceptions.
"""
if has_request_context():
request_ = _request_ctx_stack.top.request
self.logger.error(
f"Exception on request {request_.method} {request_.path}",
exc_info=exception_info,
)
if has_websocket_context():
websocket_ = _websocket_ctx_stack.top.websocket
self.logger.error(
f"Exception on websocket {websocket_.path}",
exc_info=exception_info,
)
def before_request(self, func: Callable, name: AppOrBlueprintKey=None) -> Callable:
"""Add a before request function.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.before_request
def func():
...
Arguments:
func: The before request function itself.
name: Optional blueprint key name.
"""
handler = ensure_coroutine(func)
self.before_request_funcs[name].append(handler)
return func
def before_websocket(self, func: Callable, name: AppOrBlueprintKey=None) -> Callable:
"""Add a before websocket function.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.before_websocket
def func():
...
Arguments:
func: The before websocket function itself.
name: Optional blueprint key name.
"""
handler = ensure_coroutine(func)
self.before_websocket_funcs[name].append(handler)
return func
def before_first_request(self, func: Callable, name: AppOrBlueprintKey=None) -> Callable:
"""Add a before **first** request function.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.before_first_request
def func():
...
Arguments:
func: The before first request function itself.
name: Optional blueprint key name.
"""
handler = ensure_coroutine(func)
self.before_first_request_funcs.append(handler)
return func
def before_serving(self, func: Callable) -> Callable:
"""Add a before serving function.
This will allow the function provided to be called once before
anything is served (before any byte is received).
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.before_serving
def func():
...
Arguments:
func: The function itself.
"""
handler = ensure_coroutine(func)
self.before_serving_funcs.append(handler)
return func
def after_request(self, func: Callable, name: AppOrBlueprintKey=None) -> Callable:
"""Add an after request function.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.after_request
def func(response):
return response
Arguments:
func: The after request function itself.
name: Optional blueprint key name.
"""
handler = ensure_coroutine(func)
self.after_request_funcs[name].append(handler)
return func
def after_websocket(self, func: Callable, name: AppOrBlueprintKey=None) -> Callable:
"""Add an after websocket function.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.after_websocket
def func(response):
return response
Arguments:
func: The after websocket function itself.
name: Optional blueprint key name.
"""
handler = ensure_coroutine(func)
self.after_websocket_funcs[name].append(handler)
return func
def after_serving(self, func: Callable) -> Callable:
"""Add a after serving function.
This will allow the function provided to be called once after
anything is served (after last byte is sent).
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.after_serving
def func():
...
Arguments:
func: The function itself.
"""
handler = ensure_coroutine(func)
self.after_serving_funcs.append(handler)
return func
def teardown_request(self, func: Callable, name: AppOrBlueprintKey=None) -> Callable:
"""Add a teardown request function.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.teardown_request
def func():
...
Arguments:
func: The teardown request function itself.
name: Optional blueprint key name.
"""
handler = ensure_coroutine(func)
self.teardown_request_funcs[name].append(handler)
return func
def teardown_websocket(self, func: Callable, name: AppOrBlueprintKey=None) -> Callable:
"""Add a teardown websocket function.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.teardown_websocket
def func():
...
Arguments:
func: The teardown websocket function itself.
name: Optional blueprint key name.
"""
handler = ensure_coroutine(func)
self.teardown_websocket_funcs[name].append(handler)
return func
def teardown_appcontext(self, func: Callable) -> Callable:
"""Add a teardown app (context) function.
This is designed to be used as a decorator. An example usage,
.. code-block:: python
@app.teardown_appcontext
def func():
...
Arguments:
func: The teardown function itself.
name: Optional blueprint key name.
"""
handler = ensure_coroutine(func)
self.teardown_appcontext_funcs.append(handler)
return func
def register_blueprint(self, blueprint: Blueprint, url_prefix: Optional[str]=None) -> None:
"""Register a blueprint on the app.
This results in the blueprint's routes, error handlers
etc... being added to the app.
Arguments:
blueprint: The blueprint to register.
url_prefix: Optional prefix to apply to all paths.
"""
first_registration = False
if blueprint.name in self.blueprints and self.blueprints[blueprint.name] is not blueprint:
raise RuntimeError(
f"Blueprint name '{blueprint.name}' "
f"is already registered by {self.blueprints[blueprint.name]}. "
"Blueprints must have unique names",
)
else:
self.blueprints[blueprint.name] = blueprint
first_registration = True
blueprint.register(self, first_registration, url_prefix=url_prefix)
def iter_blueprints(self) -> ValuesView[Blueprint]:
"""Return a iterator over the blueprints."""
return self.blueprints.values()
async def open_session(self, request: BaseRequestWebsocket) -> Session:
"""Open and return a Session using the request."""
return await ensure_coroutine(self.session_interface.open_session)(self, request)
async def make_null_session(self) -> Session:
"""Create and return a null session."""
return await ensure_coroutine(self.session_interface.make_null_session)(self)
async def save_session(self, session: Session, response: Response) -> None:
"""Saves the session to the response."""
await ensure_coroutine(self.session_interface.save_session)(self, session, response)
async def do_teardown_request(
self,
exc: Optional[BaseException],
request_context: Optional[RequestContext]=None,
) -> None:
"""Teardown the request, calling the teardown functions.
Arguments:
exc: Any exception not handled that has caused the request
to teardown.
request_context: The request context, optional as Flask
omits this argument.
"""
request_ = (request_context or _request_ctx_stack.top).request
functions = self.teardown_request_funcs[None]
blueprint = request_.blueprint
if blueprint is not None:
functions = chain(functions, self.teardown_request_funcs[blueprint]) # type: ignore
for function in functions:
await function(exc=exc)
await request_tearing_down.send(self, exc=exc)
async def do_teardown_websocket(
self,
exc: Optional[BaseException],
websocket_context: Optional[WebsocketContext]=None,
) -> None:
"""Teardown the websocket, calling the teardown functions.
Arguments:
exc: Any exception not handled that has caused the websocket
to teardown.
websocket_context: The websocket context, optional as Flask
omits this argument.
"""
websocket_ = (websocket_context or _websocket_ctx_stack.top).websocket
functions = self.teardown_websocket_funcs[None]
blueprint = websocket_.blueprint
if blueprint is not None:
functions = chain(functions, self.teardown_websocket_funcs[blueprint]) # type: ignore
for function in functions:
await function(exc=exc)
await websocket_tearing_down.send(self, exc=exc)
async def do_teardown_appcontext(self, exc: Optional[BaseException]) -> None:
"""Teardown the app (context), calling the teardown functions."""
for function in self.teardown_appcontext_funcs:
await function(exc)
await appcontext_tearing_down.send(self, exc=exc)
def app_context(self) -> AppContext:
"""Create and return an app context.
This is best used within a context, i.e.
.. code-block:: python
async with app.app_context():
...
"""
return AppContext(self)
def request_context(self, request: Request) -> RequestContext:
"""Create and return a request context.
Use the :meth:`test_request_context` whilst testing. This is
best used within a context, i.e.
.. code-block:: python
async with app.request_context(request):
...
Arguments:
request: A request to build a context around.
"""
return RequestContext(self, request)
def websocket_context(self, websocket: Websocket) -> WebsocketContext:
"""Create and return a websocket context.
Use the :meth:`test_websocket_context` whilst testing. This is
best used within a context, i.e.
.. code-block:: python
async with app.websocket_context(websocket):
...
Arguments:
websocket: A websocket to build a context around.
"""
return WebsocketContext(self, websocket)
def run(
self,
host: str='127.0.0.1',
port: int=5000,
debug: Optional[bool]=None,
use_reloader: bool=True,
loop: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoop]=None,
ca_certs: Optional[str]=None,
certfile: Optional[str]=None,
keyfile: Optional[str]=None,
**kwargs: Any,
) -> None:
"""Run this application.
This is best used for development only, see Hypercorn for
production servers.
Arguments:
host: Hostname to listen on. By default this is loopback
only, use 0.0.0.0 to have the server listen externally.
port: Port number to listen on.
debug: If set enable (or disable) debug mode and debug output.
use_reloader: Automatically reload on code changes.
loop: Asyncio loop to create the server in, if None, take default one.
If specified it is the caller's responsibility to close and cleanup the
loop.
ca_certs: Path to the SSL CA certificate file.
certfile: Path to the SSL certificate file.
keyfile: Path to the SSL key file.
"""
if kwargs:
warnings.warn(
f"Additional arguments, {','.join(kwargs.keys())}, are not supported.\n"
"They may be supported by Hypercorn, which is the ASGI server Quart "
"uses by default. This method is meant for development and debugging."
)
config = HyperConfig()
config.access_log_format = "%(h)s %(r)s %(s)s %(b)s %(D)s"
config.access_logger = create_serving_logger() # type: ignore
config.bind = [f"{host}:{port}"]
config.ca_certs = ca_certs
config.certfile = certfile
if debug is not None:
self.debug = debug
config.error_logger = config.access_logger # type: ignore
config.keyfile = keyfile
config.use_reloader = use_reloader
scheme = 'https' if config.ssl_enabled else 'http'
print("Running on {}://{} (CTRL + C to quit)".format(scheme, config.bind[0])) # noqa: T001
if loop is not None:
loop.set_debug(debug or False)
loop.run_until_complete(serve(self, config))
else:
asyncio.run(serve(self, config), debug=config.debug)
def test_client(self) -> QuartClient:
"""Creates and returns a test client."""
return self.test_client_class(self)
def test_request_context(
self,
path: str,
*,
method: str='GET',
headers: Optional[Union[dict, CIMultiDict]]=None,
query_string: Optional[dict]=None,
scheme: str='http',
send_push_promise: Callable[[str, Headers], Awaitable[None]]=no_op_push,
) -> RequestContext:
"""Create a request context for testing purposes.
This is best used for testing code within request contexts. It
is a simplified wrapper of :meth:`request_context`. It is best
used in a with block, i.e.
.. code-block:: python
async with app.test_request_context("/", method="GET"):
...
Arguments:
path: Request path.
method: HTTP verb
headers: Headers to include in the request.
query_string: To send as a dictionary, alternatively the
query_string can be determined from the path.
scheme: Scheme for the request, default http.
"""
headers, path, query_string_bytes = make_test_headers_path_and_query_string(
self, path, headers, query_string,
)
request = self.request_class(
method, scheme, path, query_string_bytes, headers, send_push_promise=send_push_promise,
)
request.body.set_result(b'')
return self.request_context(request)
async def try_trigger_before_first_request_functions(self) -> None:
"""Trigger the before first request methods."""
if self._got_first_request:
return
# Reverse the teardown functions, so as to match the expected usage
self.teardown_appcontext_funcs = list(reversed(self.teardown_appcontext_funcs))
for key, value in self.teardown_request_funcs.items():
self.teardown_request_funcs[key] = list(reversed(value))
for key, value in self.teardown_websocket_funcs.items():
self.teardown_websocket_funcs[key] = list(reversed(value))
async with self._first_request_lock:
if self._got_first_request:
return
for function in self.before_first_request_funcs:
await function()
self._got_first_request = True
async def make_default_options_response(self) -> Response:
"""This is the default route function for OPTIONS requests."""
methods = _request_ctx_stack.top.url_adapter.allowed_methods()
return self.response_class('', headers={'Allow': ', '.join(methods)})
async def make_response(self, result: ResponseReturnValue) -> Response:
"""Make a Response from the result of the route handler.
The result itself can either be:
- A Response object (or subclass).
- A tuple of a ResponseValue and a header dictionary.
- A tuple of a ResponseValue, status code and a header dictionary.
A ResponseValue is either a Response object (or subclass) or a str.
"""
status_or_headers = None
headers = None
status = None
if isinstance(result, tuple):
value, status_or_headers, headers = result + (None,) * (3 - len(result))
else:
value = result
if value is None:
raise TypeError('The response value returned by the view function cannot be None')
if isinstance(status_or_headers, (dict, list)):
headers = status_or_headers
status = None
elif status_or_headers is not None:
status = status_or_headers
if not isinstance(value, Response):
response = self.response_class( # type: ignore
value, timeout=self.config['RESPONSE_TIMEOUT'],
)
else:
response = value
if status is not None:
response.status_code = status # type: ignore
if headers is not None:
response.headers.update(headers) # type: ignore
return response
async def handle_request(self, request: Request) -> Response:
async with self.request_context(request) as request_context:
try:
return await self.full_dispatch_request(request_context)
except asyncio.CancelledError:
raise # CancelledErrors should be handled by serving code.
except Exception as error:
return await self.handle_exception(error)
async def full_dispatch_request(
self, request_context: Optional[RequestContext]=None,
) -> Response:
"""Adds pre and post processing to the request dispatching.
Arguments:
request_context: The request context, optional as Flask
omits this argument.
"""
await self.try_trigger_before_first_request_functions()
await request_started.send(self)
try:
result = await self.preprocess_request(request_context)
if result is None:
result = await self.dispatch_request(request_context)
except Exception as error:
result = await self.handle_user_exception(error)
return await self.finalize_request(result, request_context)
async def preprocess_request(
self, request_context: Optional[RequestContext]=None,
) -> Optional[ResponseReturnValue]:
"""Preprocess the request i.e. call before_request functions.
Arguments:
request_context: The request context, optional as Flask
omits this argument.
"""
request_ = (request_context or _request_ctx_stack.top).request
blueprint = request_.blueprint
processors = self.url_value_preprocessors[None]
if blueprint is not None:
processors = chain(processors, self.url_value_preprocessors[blueprint]) # type: ignore
for processor in processors:
processor(request.endpoint, request.view_args)
functions = self.before_request_funcs[None]
if blueprint is not None:
functions = chain(functions, self.before_request_funcs[blueprint]) # type: ignore
for function in functions:
result = await function()
if result is not None:
return result
return None
async def dispatch_request(
self, request_context: Optional[RequestContext]=None,
) -> ResponseReturnValue:
"""Dispatch the request to the view function.
Arguments:
request_context: The request context, optional as Flask
omits this argument.
"""
request_ = (request_context or _request_ctx_stack.top).request
if request_.routing_exception is not None:
raise request_.routing_exception
if request_.method == 'OPTIONS' and request_.url_rule.provide_automatic_options:
return await self.make_default_options_response()
handler = self.view_functions[request_.url_rule.endpoint]
return await handler(**request_.view_args)
async def finalize_request(
self,
result: ResponseReturnValue,
request_context: Optional[RequestContext]=None,
from_error_handler: bool=False,
) -> Response:
"""Turns the view response return value into a response.
Arguments:
result: The result of the request to finalize into a response.
request_context: The request context, optional as Flask
omits this argument.
"""
response = await self.make_response(result)
try:
response = await self.process_response(response, request_context)
await request_finished.send(self, response=response)
except Exception:
if not from_error_handler:
raise
self.logger.exception('Request finalizing errored')
return response
async def process_response(
self,
response: Response,
request_context: Optional[RequestContext]=None,
) -> Response:
"""Postprocess the request acting on the response.
Arguments:
response: The response after the request is finalized.
request_context: The request context, optional as Flask
omits this argument.
"""
request_ = (request_context or _request_ctx_stack.top).request
functions = (request_context or _request_ctx_stack.top)._after_request_functions
blueprint = request_.blueprint
if blueprint is not None:
functions = chain(functions, self.after_request_funcs[blueprint])
functions = chain(functions, self.after_request_funcs[None])
for function in functions:
response = await function(response)
session_ = (request_context or _request_ctx_stack.top).session
if not self.session_interface.is_null_session(session_):
await self.save_session(session_, response)
return response
async def handle_websocket(self, websocket: Websocket) -> Optional[Response]:
async with self.websocket_context(websocket) as websocket_context:
try:
return await self.full_dispatch_websocket(websocket_context)
except asyncio.CancelledError:
raise # CancelledErrors should be handled by serving code.
except Exception as error:
return await self.handle_websocket_exception(error)
async def full_dispatch_websocket(
self, websocket_context: Optional[WebsocketContext]=None,
) -> Optional[Response]:
"""Adds pre and post processing to the websocket dispatching.
Arguments:
websocket_context: The websocket context, optional to match
the Flask convention.
"""
await self.try_trigger_before_first_request_functions()
await websocket_started.send(self)
try:
result = await self.preprocess_websocket(websocket_context)
if result is None:
result = await self.dispatch_websocket(websocket_context)
except Exception as error:
result = await self.handle_user_exception(error)
return await self.finalize_websocket(result, websocket_context)
async def preprocess_websocket(
self, websocket_context: Optional[WebsocketContext]=None,
) -> Optional[ResponseReturnValue]:
"""Preprocess the websocket i.e. call before_websocket functions.
Arguments:
websocket_context: The websocket context, optional as Flask
omits this argument.
"""
websocket_ = (websocket_context or _websocket_ctx_stack.top).websocket
blueprint = websocket_.blueprint
processors = self.url_value_preprocessors[None]
if blueprint is not None:
processors = chain(processors, self.url_value_preprocessors[blueprint]) # type: ignore
for processor in processors:
processor(websocket_.endpoint, websocket_.view_args)
functions = self.before_websocket_funcs[None]
if blueprint is not None:
functions = chain(functions, self.before_websocket_funcs[blueprint]) # type: ignore
for function in functions:
result = await function()
if result is not None:
return result
return None
async def dispatch_websocket(
self, websocket_context: Optional[WebsocketContext]=None,
) -> None:
"""Dispatch the websocket to the view function.
Arguments:
websocket_context: The websocket context, optional to match
the Flask convention.
"""
websocket_ = (websocket_context or _websocket_ctx_stack.top).websocket
if websocket_.routing_exception is not None:
raise websocket_.routing_exception
handler = self.view_functions[websocket_.url_rule.endpoint]
return await handler(**websocket_.view_args)
async def finalize_websocket(
self,
result: ResponseReturnValue,
websocket_context: Optional[WebsocketContext]=None,
from_error_handler: bool=False,
) -> Optional[Response]:
"""Turns the view response return value into a response.
Arguments:
result: The result of the websocket to finalize into a response.
websocket_context: The websocket context, optional as Flask
omits this argument.
"""
if result is not None:
response = await self.make_response(result)
else:
response = None
try:
response = await self.postprocess_websocket(response, websocket_context)
await websocket_finished.send(self, response=response)
except Exception:
if not from_error_handler:
raise
self.logger.exception('Request finalizing errored')
return response
async def postprocess_websocket(
self,
response: Optional[Response],
websocket_context: Optional[WebsocketContext]=None,
) -> Response:
"""Postprocess the websocket acting on the response.
Arguments:
response: The response after the websocket is finalized.
webcoket_context: The websocket context, optional as Flask
omits this argument.
"""
websocket_ = (websocket_context or _websocket_ctx_stack.top).websocket
functions = (websocket_context or _websocket_ctx_stack.top)._after_websocket_functions
blueprint = websocket_.blueprint
if blueprint is not None:
functions = chain(functions, self.after_websocket_funcs[blueprint])
functions = chain(functions, self.after_websocket_funcs[None])
for function in functions:
response = await function(response)
session_ = (websocket_context or _request_ctx_stack.top).session
if not self.session_interface.is_null_session(session_):
if response is None and isinstance(session_, SecureCookieSession) and session_.modified:
self.logger.exception(
"Secure Cookie Session modified during websocket handling. "
"These modifications will be lost as a cookie cannot be set."
)
else:
await self.save_session(session_, response)
return response
async def __call__(self, scope: dict, receive: Callable, send: Callable) -> None:
if scope['type'] == 'http':
asgi_handler = self.asgi_http_class(self, scope)
elif scope['type'] == 'websocket':
asgi_handler = self.asgi_websocket_class(self, scope) # type: ignore
elif scope['type'] == 'lifespan':
asgi_handler = self.asgi_lifespan_class(self, scope) # type: ignore
else:
raise RuntimeError('ASGI Scope type is unknown')
await asgi_handler(receive, send)
async def startup(self) -> None:
self._got_first_request = False
async with self.app_context():
for func in self.before_serving_funcs:
await func()
async def shutdown(self) -> None:
async with self.app_context():
for func in self.after_serving_funcs:
await func()
def _find_exception_handler(
error: Exception, exception_handlers: Dict[Exception, Callable],
) -> Optional[Callable]:
for exception, handler in exception_handlers.items():
if isinstance(error, exception): # type: ignore
return handler
return None